This guide is targeted at civil society organizations and individuals with an interest in engaging with and monitoring industrial policy in their countries. Relatively few citizen groups focus their advocacy on industrial policy, but many care about such issues as jobs, poverty reduction, and economic growth. Industrial policy is a key policy area for tackling these issues, and also one that is subject to considerable abuse. If industrial policy is to be used effectively, civil society and the public must guard against the kinds of waste and inefficiency that have often accompanied such policies in the past.