This paper addresses the suitability of cash and vouchers as forms of international humanitarian relief in cases of emergency such as natural disasters or war. It examines cash programs in Ethiopia, Goma, India, Kenya, Mexico, Somalia, and Uganda. The author analyzes the impact and cost effectiveness of such a program and concludes that cash and voucher-based responses are effective and should be considered as alternatives to agricultural inputs, shelter and non-food items, as well as an alternative to food aid.